The autumn call (September–October): a rising scale of whistles — "pyü-pyü-pyü-pyü" with rising pitch. Used to establish territory ahead of the winter.
The spring call (March–April): a monotonous, single-note "pyü ... pyü ... pyü" with about 2-second intervals — territorial and audible over hundreds of metres.
Alarm: a chattering series of sounds when a predator or a threatening bird is near.
The Eurasian Pygmy Owl is active at dusk and dawn but is also seen in the middle of the day. Recordings can be found on xeno-canto and Artportalen (the Swedish species observation system).